If you're using Darwin Calibrator's leakage detection feature, it will basically calculate the emitter coefficient for you, such that the model results match the field measurements. The larger the emitter, the bigger the leak. When the solution is exported, you'll see the emitter coefficient and you can compute the model to see the resulting outflow. You could perhaps take the resulting emitter coefficient (or pair of pressure and flow seen when running the exported solution) and use the orifice equation to estimate the size of the leak. If you're referring to modeling a known leak, you could again perhaps use the orifice equation to compute the emitter coefficient and find some reference material for typical coefficients for the break/leak in question.
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Forum Post: RE: Leakage Detection
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Forum Post: RE: Leakage Detection
When used to find leaks, Darwin assigns emitter coefficients to nodes where the observed pressure seems too low for the assigned flow. Nodes with higher emitter coefficients are likely areas where leakage or theft may be occurring. There is no rigid rule for differentiating between leak and non-leak nodes. Remember that for Darwin to detect leakage, the additional head loss additional head loss generated by the leak must be significant. It won't find small leaks. Use of Darwin requires judgment by the user. It doesn’t pinpoint leaks but indicates areas where detailed leakage surveys should be conducted.
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Forum Post: RE: Darwin Designer
Dear Tom What I've got of your opinion is software designing HAS TO be studied and modified by engineer and Dar. Designer can not offers the best solution ALWAYES. Am I right? About the particular model, both less cost AND satisfying the constraints can be got with smaller pipe that 400mm, which means smaller pipe is the best optimization NOT 400 diameter pipe. This behavior admits the first idea (Dar. Designer can not offers the best solution ALWAYES). Is my opinion true?
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Forum Post: RE: Leakage Detection
Dear Craig: Thank You for the Fast Reply, But I have this Example Already. I was asking about how to judge on the resulting Emitter Coefficients to decide that it is a Leak , Semi-Break or Break. So my Question is. Are there any limits or Ranges for the Emitter Coefficient that I Can refer to so I can Judge on this Type of leak? I know that the Darwin-Calibrator will help to calculate the Coefficients but what I need is how to judge on them? Thanks & best regards Joseph Atef
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Forum Post: RE: LNG pipeline surge analysis
Hi, Thanks for your reply. I agree with your feedback that HAMMER is designed for water service & for single phase fluids. For LNG service, specific gravity would be around 0.45 to 0.5 Request you to share your opinion regarding "Reliability" of results of the transient analysis generated by HAMMER especially for process fluids such as LNG. Pl note that I am considering negligible heat leak in piping by providing proper insulation so that LNG shall remain in liquid form without significant phase change. Your feedback shall help me to give confidence to my clients. Thanking you. Best regards,
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Forum Post: RE: Leakage Detection
Dear Jesse: Thank You for the Fast Reply. I know that the Darwin-Calibrator will help to calculate the Coefficients but what I need is how to judge on them? Also, I know that I can calculate the amount of the flow even by computing the Orifice Equation or by substitute the obtained Emitter coefficient into the Model and compute to see the flow. But,I was asking about how to judge on the resulting Emitter Coefficients to decide the Leak Type and if it is a Leak , Semi-Break or Break. And my Question is. Are there any limits or Ranges for the Emitter Coefficient that I Can refer to so I can Judge on this Type of leak? Thanks & best regards Joseph Atef
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Forum Post: RE: Leakage Detection
Dear Tom: Thank You for the Fast Reply. Yes, I was asking about how to judge on the resulting Emitter Coefficients to decide the Leak Type and if it is a Leak, Semi-Break or Break. So my Question is. Are there any limits or Ranges for the Emitter Coefficient that I Can refer to so I can Judge on this Type of leak? Thanks & best regards Joseph Atef
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Wiki Page: "COM Error Not Documented" when opening Haestad product
Applies To Product(s): Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley SewerCAD, Bentley StormCAD, Bentley CivilStorm, Bentley WaterGEMS, Bentley WaterCAD, Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 08.11.03.83 and 08.11.03.77 (for Storm and Sewer products); build 08.11.03.19, 08.11.03.17, and 08.11.03.16 (for Water products) Environment: Windows 7 64 bit Area: Installation Original Author: Scott Kampa, Bentley Technical Support Group Error or Warning Message When opening SELECTseries 3 version of a Haestad Methods product (or earlier), the following error message is generated: Haestad.Domain.DaoInterop.DAOException: COM error not documented at Haestad.Domain.DaoInterop.InteropLibrary.ThrowCOMException(_com_error* e) at Haestad.Domain.DaoInterop.DaoDatabase.CreateDatabase(String fileName, CultureInfo locale) at Haestad.Domain.LibraryObjects.JetAppSettings.OpenRegistryDatabase(String fileName) at Haestad.Domain.LibraryObjects.EngineeringLibraryService.OpenImpl() at Haestad.Domain.LibraryObjects.EngineeringLibraryService.EngineeringLibraryTypeNames(HmiProductBeta product) This is sometimes followed by the following message: ------------------------------------------------------------ Database format not recognized. It could not be opened. ------------------------------------------------------------ OK ------------------------------------------------------------ Explanation This error may occur if the 64-bit version of the Haestad product has been installed along with a conflicting version of Microsoft Office. When installing the software on a 64-bit operating system, the program should detect the presence of the 32-bit version of Microsoft Office and force the software to install as a 32-bit application. The reason for is a Microsoft Office component called Access Database Engine. The 32-bit version of Microsoft Office will have the 32-bit version of the Access Database Engine. On rare occasions, the 32-bit version of the Access Database Engine is not properly idenified. When this occurs, the 64-bit version of the product is installed and used in the Desktop shortcut. Since the 64-bit version will conflict with the 32-bit version of the Access Database Engine, the error message is generated. This is a rare issue that will only occur the the SELECTseries 3 versions of the Haestad products and only on a 64-bit operating system with 32-bit Microsoft Office installed. Note that this problem will no longer occur, as of the SELECTseries 4 versions of WaterCAD, WaterGEMS and HAMMER (or later). The reason is because a SQLite database is now used instead of an Access Database, eliminating the dependency on the Access Database Engine for opening a file. This also applies to the SELECTseries 4 release of StormCAD, SewerCAD, SewerGEMS and CivilStorm. How to Avoid Primary Option: Upgrade to the latest version of the program The SELECTseries 4 and later versions of the Water products and the Storm and Sewer products will not see this issue. Upgrading to the latest version of the software will eliminate this error completely and provide you with all of the latest updates and tools the programs have to offer. You can find the steps to upgrade to the latest version at the following link: http://communities.bentley.com/products/hydraulics___hydrology/w/hydraulics_and_hydrology__wiki/8175.how-do-i-download-watergems-watercad-hammer-sewergems-sewercad-civilstorm-stormcad-pondpack-flowmaster-culvertmaster Secondary Option: Creating new shortcut to 32-bit version of the product If you cannot upgrade, the next best workaround is as follows: 1) Open My Computer and navigate to installation directory, typically similar to C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\(product name) 2) Open the .exe file (SewerGEMS.exe for SewerGEMS.) This is 32-bit version. 3) If the program opens without any error, right-click on the .exe and click on Copy. 4) Go to the Desktop, right-click, and select "Paste shortcut". Another variation of the above is described below: 1) Locate the programs icon on your desktop and right click on it. 2) Select "Properties" and click on the Shortcut tab. 3) Locate the target file path the program is pointing to and change it from: "C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\ \x64\ .exe" to "C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\ \ .exe" . All you are doing is removing the "/x64" from the file path so the icon now points to the 32 bit executable. If 32-bit version of the Haestad product could not open from the program files directory, try reinstalling it. If you must use the 64-bit version of your Haestad product (such as for integrating with the 64-bit version of AutoCAD), then this workaround will not work. Other Options Also, you have the following other options, the above steps are not feasible: 1) Upgrade to the SELECTseries 4 version of the product. A SELECTseries 4 release of all Water, Storm, and Sewer products is now available. This is option is highly recommended since the SELECTseries 4 release of the products will install as a 64-bit application on any 64-bit Windows machine. 2) Uninstall 32-bit Office 3) Upgrade to 64-bit Office 4) Install the 64-bit version on a Virtual Machine (such as Windows 7's "XP Mode") 5) Try forcing the Haestad product installer to only install the 32-bit version. Details can be seen here . This option won’t work if you need the 64-bit version for some reason, such as for AutoCAD integration. 6) Try uninstalling the 64-bit Access Database Engine, then change the Haestad product shortcuts to point to the 32-bit version (the .exe under the root folder, not the x64 folder). Again, this won’t help if you need to integrate with 64-bit AutoCAD. 7) Try uninstalling Microsoft Office completely (including the 32-bit Access DB engine), then reinstall the Haestad product, then reinstall Office. The conflict happens when the 64-bit MS Access database engine is installed second, so this may work. IMPORTANT: this workaround is not tested so we cannot guarantee it will work. See Also Sometimes the error could be occurring because of unregistered DAO. Please see the link below: http://communities.bentley.com/products/hydraulics___hydrology/w/hydraulics_and_hydrology__wiki/error-message-when-opening-up-watergems-watercad-hammer-sewergems-civilstorm-stormcad-pondpack-flowmaster-culvertmaster.aspx
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Wiki Page: Modeling large amounts of vapor or air volume
Applies To Product(s): Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX Area: Output and Reporting Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Is there a rule of thumb for deciding if the volume of vapor or number of collapses is within the scope of what can accurately be simulated in HAMMER? I'm seeing large vapor pockets forming - how do I know if HAMMER can accurately simulate this? Problem ID#: 72094 Solution The literature on the Discrete Vapor Cavity Model references a rule of thumb: "the ratio of maximum cavity size to reach volume should stay below 10%". Given that HAMMER uses the Discrete vapor cavity model and that the literature supports this 10% rule of thumb, this is a reasonable rule if you are comfortable with it. However, generally speaking it is probably best to avoid recommending any rule of thumb with regards to acceptable vapor pocket size or number of collapses. Due to the chaotic behaviour of liquids in a cavitating system, it is very difficult to measure the high-frequency pressure spikes with any kind of accuracy; moreover, operators of such systems are generally reluctant to subject their pipe networks to these potentially damaging conditions. Meaning, the presence of large vapor pockets or multiple collapses usually tells you that you need to add some protection strategy. Unfortunately, it is equally hard to formulate rules of thumb for determining acceptable sizes for vapor pockets in the context of a HAMMER run. The 10% rule of thumb referenced above seems quite conservative, but we just don't have enough physical evidence or case studies to say that it will always be ok. Therefore, we ultimately concluded that you'll need to apply your own judgement in this case. It is OK to push the software to its limits, but we feel that if you do that, you'll need to assume the risk. Note that in the presence of multiple vapor pockets the Wave Speed Reduction Factor may be appropriate. In real systems it is understood that entrained air is released at low pressures slightly above vapor pressure. This phenomenon has the effect of reducing the wave speed during the period of time that the pressure is low. A reduced wave speed will normally mitigate the severity of upsurges upon collapse of cavities versus the basic cavitation model (full wave speed). By neglecting the decline in wave speed (the default factor of 1.0), the extreme pressures generated by vapor pocket collapses are conservatively overestimated. For more information on this, please see the help topic for wave speed reduction. Also note that the "reach volume" referenced in this rule-of-thumb would be the full volume of the pipe in which the pocket formed. Find the pipe length (consider including any "length adjustment" if that is significant, which you can view in the pipe flextable) and multiply by the pipe cross sectional area to get the reach volume. The "Vapor Volume (Maximum Transient)" or "Air Volume (Maximum Transient)" fields in the Transient results section of the properties of pipes should give the max volume in that reach. So you can typically divide this number by the reach volume. If a vapor pocket forms at a high point at the intersection of two pipes, or in the case of an air valve, you would need to treat it as two sepearate reaches/checks since there may be vapour/air in each pipe (on each side of the high point.) The one problem with using the "Vapor Volume (Maximum Transient)" or "Air Volume (Maximum Transient)" fields is they won't tell you much if you have multiple vapor/air pockets along a pipe. If that appears to be the case after inspecting the profiles it may be necessary to check the "*** LIST OF SORTED VAPOUR AND AIR POCKETS ***" section in the Transient Summary report (Reports > Transient Analysis Reports > Transient Analysis Output Log) to see the max vapor/air volumes along the pipe. You may wish to add these volumes up and check that they don't exceed the 10% rule of thumb (it is possible that these maximums don't all occur at the same time, but we don't provide results of volume versus time at interior points along a pipe).
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Wiki Page: Transient pressure worse with air valve added
Applies To Product(s): Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 08.11.xx.xx Area: Modeling Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Why are my maximum transient pressures higher when using an air valve, compared to not using an air valve? Why does using an air valve sometimes make my results worse? Solution If the outflow orifice is not sized properly and air is released too quickly, the adjacent water columns can 'slam' together when the last bit of air is expelled, causing some of the worst types of surges. This is similar to an instantaneous valve closure but even worse, as the water columns on either side collide together. When using an air valve, it is important to allow fast air inflow on downsurge, but to slowly release the air. This is done by either reducing the outflow orifice diameter or by using a triple acting air valve. A triple acting valve can throttle the outflow orifice size just before the columns collide, to cushion the air pocket collapse. To visualize and confirm this in the model, animate a profile path in the transient results viewer. Make sure the profile passes over the air valve(s). Make note of the air/vapor volume shown at the top of the animation - you may notice a pocket form at the air valve location. When pressure returns to the system (such as after an emergency pump shutdown), notice how fast the air pocket reduces in size. Note also what happens when the air pocket is fully expelled. If the air is expelled too quickly, you'll see a very severe surge emanate from the valve location. A comparison of this phenomenon with an improperly sized orifice versus a triple acting air valve can be seen in the "Modeling Reference - Air Valves" TechNote . In addition, it is important to note that the air valve in HAMMER will open to let air into the system when zero pressure is obtained. A no-protection case could see negative pressures but not see vapor pressure. The correct solution for a case like this will be up to the engineer's discretion, but may be related to the type of system and the nature of the results, i.e., how close the negative pressure is to vapor pressure.
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Wiki Page: Import Error. Be sure to choose a valid database file.
Applies To Product(s): Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley SewerCAD Version(s): 08.11.01.21 +, 10.XX.XX.XX Area: General Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem When importing a SewerCAD or SewerGEMS Sanitary model in SewerGEMS, the following error occurs: Import Error: Be sure to choose a valid database file. Area: General, Problem ID#: 43752, Internal Reference Number: 59274 Solution This may be to due to a missing pattern setup. In SewerCAD or SewerGEMS Sanitary, open the model, then check each of the calculation option settings under Analysis > Calculation options. Check the "Pattern Setup" field and make sure it is populated with a pattern setup. If a previously selected pattern setup was deleted at some point, it could cause this error. If this is set to "None", create a new pattern setup and select it from the dropdown. Save the model and import it.
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Wiki Page: Object reference not set to an instance of an object error after computing a SewerCAD model
Applies To Product(s): Bentley SewerCAD Version(s): 08.11.00.52 Area: Layout and Data Input Original Author: Terry Foster, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Object reference not set to an instance of an object error after computing a SewerCAD model Problem ID#: 42144 Solution Check the pattern setup for entries without a unit load assigned.
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Wiki Page: How is a variable area tank cross section curve setup? What is the relative depth/volume based on?
Applies To Product(s): Bentley WaterCAD, Bentley WaterGEMS Version(s): 08.09.XX.XX, 10.XX.XX.XX Area: Layout and Data Input Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem How is a variable area tank cross section curve setup? What is the relative depth/volume based on? Problem Number 34567 Solution The variable area tank cross section curve is based on the total tank depth/volume. Be careful to check the units of the depth/volume columns in the cross section curve - they default to percent, meaning it will expect values between 0 and 100, unless you change the units to be unitless (right click the colum header >unit and formatting) in which case it would be expecting between 0 and 1.0. Values between 0 and 100% in the depth ratio column represent depths between the minimum tank elevation and maximum tank elevation. Values between 0 and 100% in the volume ratio column represent volumes between 0gallons and the total tank volume. For example, say we have the following tank: - Minimum elevation of 100ft - Maximum elevation of 200ft - Total volume is 500,000 gallons (entire tank volume, between min and max elevations.) - The volume below 150ft is 100,000 gallons Assuming the default % units, we would develop the cross section curve based on a total depth of 100ft (200 - 100 = 100) and total volume of 500,000 gallons. 500,000 would be entered as the "Volume full (input)", 100ft as the "elevation (minimum)" and 200ft as the "elevation (maximum)". The cross section curve would be like this: 0,0 50, 20 100,100 Meaning, at 0% of the depth (100ft) there would be 0% of the full volume (0g). At 50% of the depth (150ft) there would be 20% of the total volume (100,000g) and at 100% of the depth (200ft) there would be 100% of the volume (500,000g.) Of course, you should use more points than this for greater accuracy. Linear interopolation is used for compute volumes for depths between the points you enter in the curve.
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Wiki Page: What should the "flow tolerance" be set to?
Applies To Product(s): Bentley HAMMER Version(s): 08.11.xx.xx, 10.XX.XX.XX Area: Modeling Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem What should the "flow tolerance" be set to? What is a good value for flow tolerance? Solution The flow tolerance determines if a pipe is considered as having zero flow or not. The best value to use for the Flow Tolerance field in the transient calculation options depends on the modeling situation. If you have pipes whose flow is zero in the initial conditions (such as near a pump that is off), you will need to make sure the flow tolerance is higher than the flow seen in those pipes. There's always going to be a little bit of calculation noise, so pipes whose flows should be zero might be something like 0.0004567. So, be sure to change the decimal precision on both the flow tolerance field and the computed flow field and compare the two. If all of the pipes in your model have positive flows, you don't need to worry about what to set the flow tolerance to. When the flow in a pipe in the initial conditions is less than the tolerance, it will be considered as having exactly zero flow during the transient simulation, which changes the method by which hammer compute the DW friction factor to use for those pipes. The flow tolerance should be small enough so that pipes with positive flow aren't considered as having zero flow, but large enough so that pipes that do have zero flow are considered as such If you have a pipe that basically has zero flow in the initial conditions, yet some numerical noise causes it to be slightly above the tolerance, the friction factor will not be accurate. On the other hand if you have a pipe with just a little bit of a flow in it, yet you set the flow tolerance too high, it could be considered as having zero flow and will result in calculation errors.
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Wiki Page: How to populate or update an existing model with GIS-IDs
Applies To Product(s): Bentley WaterGEMS, Bentley SewerGEMS, Bentley CivilStorm, Bentley StormCAD, Bentley PondPack, Bentley SewerCAD, Bentley HAMMER, Bentley WaterCAD Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX Area: Layout and Data Input Original Author: Jesse Dringoli and Mark Pachlhofer, Technical Support Group Problem How do I populate an existing model with GIS-IDs? Solution If the labeling system in your model does not match that of your GIS but you want to update the model to include GIS-IDs (unique IDs from your GIS), you can follow the below process to export the labels, do a spatial join, then bring them back in to populate the model. After doing this, you'll be able to synchronize changes on either the model or the GIS without having to change or maintain either labeling system. Note: the screenshots in the below steps may look slightly different in your version, though the general process is the same. You may want to ensure that you have the latest version of the software installed. 1) You will need to first generate a file (shapefile, spreadsheet, etc) relating each WaterGEMS/SewerGEMS element with the corresponding GIS-ID. For example, you could export the WaterGEMS/SewerGEMS elements to shapefiles by creating a new flextable with only the label field, then click the export button in the top left corner. 2) Using your GIS software (such as ArcMap), perform a spatial join and create a table joining the WaterGEMS/SewerGEMS label to the GIS's ID field. If you need assistance with this, please contact your GIS specialist. This table can then be used with Modelbuilder per the below steps, to populate the GIS-ID fields in the model. This will need to be done with each element type (pipe, junction, reservoir, etc), using it's corresponding "GIS-IDs" table type (for example "Pipe, GIS-IDs" for pipes) in Modelbuilder. 3) Start Modelbuilder, choose Excel as the source type and select the spreadsheet. Only check the worksheet containing the data. 4) Click next. No need to create nodes since we’re updating: 5) Click next. We only need to update existing objects: 6) Click next. Key field is label, since we’re just populating the GIS-IDs: 7) Click next. This step is important. The “table type” needs to be set to “Pipe, GIS-IDs”, since the GIS-ID field is a collection. The key field is the field in the spreadsheet with the WaterGEMS labels. Map GIS-ID at the bottom to the GIS-ID field in your spreadsheet. 8) Click next, then finish. The model will now be populated with GIS-IDs. Updating a model with GIS-ID's 1) Create an excel spread sheet with a column titled "Label" and another column titled "GIS-ID" 2) With your model file open go to Tools > Modelbuilder and create a new Modelbuilder run by clicking the icon that looks like a white sheet of paper 3) For the datasource type on step one of Modelbuilder select "Excel 2013/2010/2007 (12.0)" and choose the spread sheet location you created in step 1 above 4) Click next until you get to step 5 of modlebuilder, which is the field mapping step. Set the table type to " , GIS-IDs" and the 'Key Fields' to "Label". For example, if you were exporting your Pipe GIS-IDs your table type would be "PIpe, GIS-IDs" and If you were doing it for junctions the table type would be "Junction, GIS-IDs". In the lower part of this dialog box match the GIS-ID field from your excel spreadsheet to the GIS-ID property. Please see the screen shot below for this setup. 5) Proceed to the last screen of Modelbuilder by hitting the "Next button" and for the question that asks "Do if you want to build a model now?" choose "No" and click the "Finish" button. 6) On the Modelbuilder manager window click the sync out button (see screen shot below) to export the GIS-IDs from your model to your spreadsheet. 7) Open the spreadsheet and adjust the GIS-ID's appropriately then save and close it. 8) Open the modelbuilder window and click the "Build model" button See Also http://communities.bentley.com/products/hydraulics___hydrology/w/hydraulics_and_hydrology__wiki/2821.aspx http://communities.bentley.com/Products/Hydraulics___Hydrology/w/Hydraulics_and_Hydrology__Wiki/updating-a-model-using-model-builder.aspx http://communities.bentley.com/Products/Hydraulics___Hydrology/w/Hydraulics_and_Hydrology__Wiki/updating-source-file-using-model-builder.aspx
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Wiki Page: Generating a log file for installation problem troubleshooting
Applies To Product(s): Bentley WaterGEMS, WaterCAD, HAMMER, SewerCAD, SewerGEMS, StormCAD, CivilStorm, PondPack Version(s): 08.11.xx.xx Area: Installation Original Author: Jesse Dringoli, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Can I generate a log file (setup log or installation log) during installation, to help troubleshoot installation related errors? Solution Yes, but the process depends on the product and version. If the generated log file does not contain clues to help you resolve the problem, please send it to Technical Support. Recent Versions This process applies to the below versions (or greater): CivilStorm 08.11.01.36 V8i SS1 + HAMMER 08.11.01.32 V8i SS1 + PondPack 08.11.01.51 V8i + SewerCAD 08.11.02.46 V8i SS2+ SewerGEMS 08.11.02.46 V8i SS2+ StormCAD 08.11.02.35 V8i SS2+ WaterCAD 08.11.01.32 V8i SS1+ WaterGEMS 08.11.01.32 V8i SS1 If you have the above versions or greater, a log file will automatically be generated during installation. After installation, it can be found under the root of the Windows temporary folder as a .txt file. For example, StormCAD would be StormCADSetupLog.txt and WaterGEMS would be WaterGEMSSetupLog.txt. To find the Windows temp folder, type "%temp%" in the Windows Explorer (My Computer) address bar (without the quotes), and press enter. The log file will be right in the root folder that first appears, not in a subfolder. You may need to sort the list on modified date so it appears at the top. Other Version This process applies to the below versions and earlier (though some very old versions may not work): FlowMaster 08.11.01.03 CulvertMaster 03.03.00.04 CivilStorm 08.11.00.08 HAMMER 08.11.00.30 PondPack 10.01.04.00 SewerCAD 08.11.00.52 SewerGEMS 08.11.01.21 StormCAD 08.11.00.44 WaterCAD 08.11.00.30 WaterGEMS 08.11.00.30 For these versions, you must pass an argument ("switch") to the installation executable file in order to generate a log file. Below is the syntax: Setup_filename.exe /v"/l* "C:\Temp.txt"" This would be done by going to Start > Run, browse to the installation file, then add the above syntax to the end of the path. In the above example, the installation log file will be called Temp.txt and will be located in C:\ .
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Forum Post: RE: Leakage Detection
Another aspect of the leak detection in its own right, is the accuracy of the node demands in the model aka Demand Alternative or Demand Collections. In an ideal world, one would have exact customer meter point flow data at a particular time (demands), and synchronous system flow meter data, and pumps/tank data from SCADA, then utilize Darwin Calibrator to highlight the possible loss areas. Often what we model for demands stem from averaged flows during 30 day cycles, strapped onto a diurnal curve to guestimate what the demands are at night (when the "noise" is the lowest), plus likely system flow meter, pump, tank data at that time. My point is, the prediction is as good as the data being used, whether it is the field snapshot data, or the underlying demands entered into the Demand alternative themselves. quoting Dr. Walski "use good engineering judgement".
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Wiki Page: Inserting or laying out pipe bends
Product(s): Bentley WaterCAD, WaterGEMS, HAMMER, StormCAD, SewerCAD, SewerGEMS, CivilStorm, PondPack Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX, 10.XX.XX.XX Area: Layout and Data Input Problem How can I lay out a bend in a pipe when working in the AutoCAD integrated mode, MicroStation integrated mode or Standalone? (instead of inserting extra junctions) Solution AutoCAD When laying out a pipe (or other link element) in the AutoCAD integrated mode, start laying out the pipe, right click, choose Bend, then left click to place the bend. Right click again and select the desired end node, then left click to place that end node. To insert a bend in an existing pipe, select the pipe, right click > Bend > Add Bend, then click on the pipe at the location where you want to insert the bend. Note that you may need to adjust your OSNAP settings to prevent it from trying to select the end node. MicroStation When laying out a pipe (or other link element), start laying out the pipe/gutter/channel. Select from the "current node" dropdown in the layout dialog box (which appears when you start laying out the link), then click where you want to place the bend. Under the Tools menu of MicroStation, go to Toolboxes. Scroll to the "Modify" Toolbox, check it and click ok. On the Modify toolbox, select the Insert Vertex tool. Identify the pipe segment where you would like to insert the bend. This will now enable you to stretch the pipe at that vertex point to create the bend. Standalone In standalone, while laying out a pipe, press and hold the CTRL key and left click in the drawing to insert a bend. To insert a bend in an existing pipe, right click on the pipe > Bend > Add Bend. Inserting Multiple Bends To insert multiple bends at once use ModelBuilder to build or update your pipes from a shapefile, .DXF file, or other file type . See Also Will the minor losses associated with pipe bends be automatically accounted for?
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Wiki Page: What is the difference between Darcy-Weisbach roughness coefficients e and f ?
Product(s): BENTLEY WATERGEMS Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX Area: Modeling Problem Difference between e and f, roughness coefficient, when using Darcy-Weisbach Problem ID#: 69991 Solution e = roughness height (unit = Length) (or relative roughness) f = friction factor (unit = none) The values of e and f are not interchangeable. Relationship between e and f can be obtained from Colebrook-White Equation Swamee-Jain Formula (for details see Page 31 to 35 of Water Distribution Modeling)
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Wiki Page: Are minor losses from pipe bends automatically considered?
Applies To Product(s): WaterGEMS, WaterCAD, HAMMER, SewerGEMS, CivilStorm, StormCAD, SewerCAD Version(s): 08.11.XX.XX+, 10.XX.XX.XX Area: Layout and Data Input Original Author: Mark Pachlhofer, Bentley Technical Support Group Problem Will the minor losses associated with pipe bends be automatically accounted for? Solution Water products (WaterCAD, WaterGEMS, HAMMER) No, you must enter the appropriate minor loss coefficient in the properties of the pipe. A library of typical values for various bend angles are included, which you can choose from. We have a minor loss engineering library that can be accessed through the "Minor Losses" property in the appropriate element, which can be accessed by clicking on the ellipsis button. Step 1: Step 2: Storm & Sewer products (SewerGEMS, SewerCAD, StormCAD, CivilStorm) Headloss/minor loss from bends are not automatically accounted for. These are usually small enough that the user will typically ignore them in a hydraulic model. If there is a structure located at the bend (manhole, catchbasin or transition), you can account for loss through the structure using one of the available Structure Loss Methods, found in the properties of the node. There is also an option to enter an entrance and exit loss coefficient on the conduit. Or, you could potentially account for additional loss by adjusting the friction factor of the pipe. If in doubt, consider a sensitivity analysis by increasing and decreasing the friction losses to see what effect it has on the results. If it does not significantly impact them, you won’t need to worry about it. If they do, you could make a conservative assumption. The decision is up to the modeler and engineer.
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